Data Type Definitions – Qoluna Health

Health Metrics

QOL: Two scores out of 10, that reflects how well you feel and function in daily life, based on both your body’s signals (Body Action Score) and how you say you’re feeling (Wellness Index).
Why: These scores bring together key information from your wearables and your mental and physical comfort from the short questions we ask you. It’s a consolidated way to see if you’re doing better, staying steady or need to pay more attention to your wellbeing.

Body Action Score: A number out of 10 that reflects how your body is performing based on your daily activity, movement, sleep and heart-related signals collected from your wearable devices.
Why: This score helps you understand how well your body is functioning physiologically. It highlights how rested you are, how much strain you're under and how your habits, like movement, sleep quality and recovery, are affecting your overall physical health. When the score drops, it’s a nudge that your body may need more rest, consistency or balance.

Wellness Index: A number out of 10 that represents how you say you’re feeling emotionally, mentally and physically through quick self-check questions.
Why: Your mood, stress, energy levels and general sense of wellbeing matter just as much as your biometrics. This score captures the part your devices can’t see, your personal experience. It helps identify whether changes in your QOL are coming from your physical signals, your emotional state or both. Over time, it guides you in recognizing patterns that influence how you feel day-to-day.
Heart Rate Monitoring (HR): How many times your heart beats per minute.
Why: Describes your heart’s response to what is going on with your body and environment.
Blood pressure (BP): Measurement of how hard your heart pushes blood through your blood vessels and how much resistance it meets.

Why: Describes how much work your heart has to do to pump blood to your organs.

How it Works: Blood pressure has two numbers that are measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) — systolic (the top number, when your heart beats and pushes blood out) and diastolic (the bottom number, when your heart relaxes and refills).

Electrocardiogram (ECG): A special way to check how your heart is working inside.
Why: It makes sure your heart is beating the right way. An ECG can show signs of irregular rhythms, stress on the heart or conditions that may need medical attention.
Blood Oxygen (SpO₂): Shows how much oxygen is in your blood as a percentage.
Why: It helps you know if your body is getting enough air to feel good. A normal level (usually 95–100%) means your organs and muscles are well supplied, while a low level may point to breathing or circulation issues.
Skin Temperature: Checks if your skin feels hotter or cooler than usual by sensing small changes over time.
Why: It helps notice if you’re getting sick, stressed, or if your body is adjusting (like from hormones or the environment). A rise could mean fever or recovery strain, while a dip might reflect rest, cooling, or certain health conditions.
Resting Heart Rate (Resting HR): This is how fast your heart beats per minute (bpm) when you are sitting or lying down and very calm.
Why: It shows how hard your heart works when you’re at rest. A lower number often means strong fitness and efficient recovery. A higher number can reflect stress, poor sleep, dehydration or possible illness.
Heart Rate Variability (HRV): Measured in milliseconds (ms), this checks how your heart changes beat to beat.
Why: It shows if you're feeling relaxed, stressed, or ready to play. A higher HRV is usually a good sign, meaning your body is relaxed and ready. A lower HRV can mean you're tired, stressed, or need rest.
Heart Load: Means how hard your heart has to work during the day.
Why: If your heart works too hard for too long, it can get tired and less efficient. A moderate load is normal and healthy but consistently high heart load may signal stress, overtraining, or underlying health issues. Low load can mean your heart is resting well or that you’re not being active enough.
HR vs RHR Graph: This graph shows how fast your heart beats during the day Heart Rate (HR) and how calm it is when you're resting Resting Heart Rate (RHR). The bumpy line goes up when you may be walking or exercising and the flat line shows your calm heart rate when you're doing nothing.

Activity Metrics

Steps: The number of times your feet move when you walk or run.
Why: Counting steps shows how active you are in daily life. More steps usually support better fitness, heart health, and weight control. Very few steps, however, may point to being too sedentary, which can affect long-term health.
Distance: Measures how far you’ve traveled when walking or running.
Why: Tracking distance helps you see progress over time and set realistic goals. Longer distances can improve stamina and endurance, while shorter distances may mean you’re staying too inactive or need to build consistency.
Calories Burned: Shows how much energy your body uses when moving.
Why: It helps balance eating, resting and activity. Higher burn often means more movement and fitness gains, while very low burn can signal too much inactivity. However, burning too many calories without proper recovery can also strain your body.
Active Zone Minutes (Activity Time): Counts the time in minutes (min) you move enough to help your heart get stronger.
Why: Reaching these minutes helps keep your heart, lungs, and muscles strong. Too few minutes may mean your activity isn’t enough to meet health guidelines, while more consistent active minutes support better energy and long-term wellness.
Activity Trend: Shows how much you’ve been moving over time.
Why: A rising trend means you’re building healthier habits and strengthening your body. A downward trend could mean fatigue, stress, or too much sitting, and may leave you feeling less energetic over time.
Sedentary: Sitting still or not moving for a period of time.
Why: Too much sitting can cause stiffness, low energy, and long-term health risks like weight gain or heart issues. Breaking up sedentary time with even small bursts of movement helps keep your body and mind more alert and healthy.
METs: It is a way to measure how much energy your body uses when you do something, like walking, running, or playing.

Why: METs help us compare all kinds of activities using one simple number, kind of like a score for how active you are. The more METs you earn, the more you're moving and helping your body stay strong and healthy.

How it Works: 1 MET is the energy your body uses when you’re just sitting still. If something takes 4 METs (like a brisk walk), that means it uses 4 times more energy than resting!

Standing Time: This means how long you spend on your feet instead of sitting down.
Why: Standing more breaks up sitting, which helps circulation, keeps muscles engaged, and reduces stiffness. Very low standing time can signal too much sedentary behavior, while consistently high standing time may also cause fatigue if not balanced with rest.

Sleep Metrics

REM: This is when your brain is super active and you might be dreaming!
Why: REM sleep supports memory, learning, and emotional health. Too little REM can affect focus and mood, while too much might suggest lighter sleep or disrupted cycles.
Awake: This is when you're not sleeping. You might be falling asleep, waking up or tossing and turning.
Why: A little awake time is normal, but too much can lower sleep quality and leave you feeling tired. Tracking awake time helps you notice patterns that affect rest.
Core: This is when your body is resting but your brain is still a little busy..
Why: Core sleep transitions you toward deeper sleep. Too much may mean restless nights, while too little can prevent proper preparation for restorative sleep.
Deep: This is the most peaceful, heavy sleep when your body fixes itself and grows.
Why: Deep sleep heals muscles, strengthens immunity, and supports growth. Low deep sleep can mean your body isn’t recovering fully, while more can be a sign of healthy repair, though too much might also indicate extra fatigue.
Sleep Cycles: Sleep cycles are made up of different stages (light sleep, core, deep sleep and REM sleep) that your body goes through again and again while you rest. Each stage helps your body and brain recover, grow and get ready for the next day.
Sleep Average Heart Rate: The number of times your heart beats per minute (bpm) while you’re sleeping.
Why: A lower, steady rate often means good rest and recovery. Higher heart rates may suggest stress, poor sleep environment, or health conditions. Very low rates may be normal in athletes but could be concerning in others.
Breathing (Respiration Rate): Measured in breaths per minute (brpm) this counts how many times you breathe in one minute.
Why: Shows how hard your lungs and body work to meet oxygen needs. Higher rates can mean stress, illness or disturbed sleep, while unusually low rates may suggest slowed metabolism or breathing issues.
Total Sleep Duration: How many hours you slept in total.
Why: Enough sleep (usually 7–9 hours for adults) restores energy, focus, and mood. Too little leaves you tired; too much can sometimes signal poor sleep quality or health concerns.
Sleep Latency: How fast you fall asleep after getting in bed.
Why: Falling asleep within ~15–30 minutes is typical. Short latency may mean you’re overtired, while long latency can suggest stress, late caffeine or poor sleep habits.
Sleep Efficiency: How much of the time in bed you were actually sleeping.
Why: Higher efficiency (85%+) means good quality sleep. Lower efficiency means more tossing, turning, or wake-ups, which can reduce restfulness.
Sleep Timing: What time you went to sleep and woke up.
Why: Consistent timing supports your body’s natural clock. Irregular sleep times can reduce sleep quality and affect energy, mood, and metabolism.
Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO): How many times you woke up in the night.
Why: Brief wake-ups are normal but frequent or long ones cut into recovery and may leave you groggy. It can be a sign of stress, environment, or sleep disorders.
Sleep Performance: A measure of how well you sleep based on factors like how long you sleep, how much time you spend in each sleep stage, how often you wake up and how consistent your sleep is.
Why: High performance means your body gets the recovery it needs. Poor performance can reduce energy, weaken immunity, and affect mental health.
Sleep Oxygen: How much oxygen is in your blood while you’re sleeping. It's normal for levels to dip slightly during deeper sleep stages, but healthy individuals typically maintain oxygen saturation levels between 95-100% during sleep.
Why: Your body needs good oxygen when you sleep to help you rest well and wake up feeling strong. Stable oxygen means your body is resting and fueling well.
Awake Oxygen: How much oxygen is in your blood while you’re awake and moving around.
Why: Healthy oxygen supports energy, focus, and movement. Low levels can make you feel tired or short of breath and may need medical attention.
Night Respiratory Trend: Tracks changes in how many breaths you take while you sleep.
Why: Your nightly breathing pattern is like your body’s rhythm at night, steady breaths mean your body is resting well, while big changes can tell if something needs more attention.

Body Composition

Fat Mass: How much fat is in your body.
Why: Your body needs some fat, but not too much to stay healthy.
Muscle Mass How much muscle you have.
Why: Muscles help you run, jump, and play.
Bone Mass: How strong and heavy your bones are.
Why: Strong bones help you grow and not get hurt easily.
Visceral Fat: Fat inside your belly around your organs.
Why: Too much of this fat isn't good for your body.
Segmental Body Composition: Shows where fat and muscles are in different parts of your body like arms, legs, and tummy.
Why: It helps see how your body is built and how strong each part is.